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All objects, such as our computer, mouse, etc., are three-dimensional, everything has length, width and height, but there is another dimension, the time dimension. Traveling through time means traveling through the fourth dimension.

For example, when a car travels in a straight line, it is in one-dimensional space-time. Turning left or right increases the second dimension. Bumping up and down the winding mountain road, this is driving in three-dimensional space. But how can time travel be achieved? How can one find a way to the fourth dimension?

Science fiction movies usually feature a giant energy-hungry machine, a time machine, to travel the way to the past or future. This idea may be far-fetched, and the reality may be very different, but the idea itself is not so crazy.

Physicists have also been racking their brains for time tunnels, but we have to reveal this problem from another angle. We don't know whether there will be doors to the past or the future within the limits of the laws of nature. In fact, we think it is possible and even named them wormholes.

In fact, wormholes are everywhere, but they are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Wormholes are very tiny, and they exist in every corner of the world and space. You may beg to differ, but please read on.

Nothing is flat or completely solid. If you look closely, you will find small holes and seams everywhere (viewed in the microscopic state). This is the most basic principle of physics, and it also applies to time.

Like a billiard table, the surface looks flat and smooth, but it is not so when you look closely. Its surface is full of cracks and small holes. Even something as smooth as a billiard ball has small cracks, fine lines and small holes. It is obvious , this is undoubted in the three-dimensional space, but please believe that this is also correct in the fourth-dimensional space. In time and space, there are also small cracks, fine lines and small holes, which are continuously reduced to the smallest range, even smaller than molecular atoms. What we mentioned is quantum foam, where wormholes exist.

In the quantum world, tiny tunnels or shortcuts through space-time, constantly forming, disappearing, and re-forming, they actually connect two separate regions and two different times.

Unfortunately, this real time tunnel is only 10-33 centimeters in size, which is far from enough for human beings to pass through. But the concept of a wormhole time machine is bringing more inspiration.

Some scientists think it might be possible to capture one of the wormholes and magnify it trillions of times, making it big enough for humans or even spaceships to enter.

Assuming that there is enough energy or technology, it may be possible to construct a huge wormhole in the universe. It does not mean that it will be feasible, but that it will be a very remarkable machine, one end is near the earth, and the other end is far away. interstellar.

In theory, wormholes can be used for more purposes. If the two ends are in the same place, there is no distance barrier but at different times, the spacecraft can take off and land near the earth, but it has traveled to ancient times. Perhaps by that time, dinosaurs were lucky enough to witness the landing of the spacecraft.

Wormholes are also a mind-bendingly complex concept.

Hawking conceived of a simple time experiment, but it didn't work. why? Hawking believes that one of the reasons is the well-known problem in time travel - the paradox problem.

Such a scenario is a cosmologist's nightmare. Such a time machine would violate the fundamental law that governs the entire universe, namely that causality is reversed, and will always be contrary to our common sense. Otherwise, the universe will inevitably fall into chaos.

We therefore believe that there will eventually be situations that avoid paradoxes.

So, while tiny wormholes do exist, and might one day be enlarged, their short lives prevent them from being used as time machines.

That doesn't mean all time travel is impossible.

Satellites in orbit. Inside each spacecraft is a very precise clock, and although very precise, they move forward by about a third of a billionth of a second every day, and the system must correct for this deviation, or small differences will disturb The whole system, causing all gps devices on the planet to be in error by about six miles a day, can only imagine the chaos it causes.

The problem is not the clock, the clock runs fast because the time itself is faster there than on the earth, and the reason for this strange phenomenon lies in the huge mass of the earth. …

Einstein realized that matter delays time, slowing it down like a slow-flowing part of a river. The astonishing fact that the heavier the object, the longer the lag time opens a door of hope for traveling through the future.

Right at the center of the Milky Way, 26,000 light-years away, lies the most massive object in the entire Milky Way.

A black hole, with a mass equivalent to 4 million suns, is squeezed into a point under its own gravity. The closer it is to the black hole, the stronger the gravitational force will be. To a certain extent, it is difficult for even light to escape.

Hidden within a dark sphere 15 million miles in diameter, a black hole like this has a powerful influence on time, slowing time down more than any other object in the galaxy, making it a natural time machine.

Just imagine that the astronauts orbiting the black hole for 5 years is equivalent to 10 years on the earth. When they return to the earth, everyone on the earth will be 5 years older than them.

Of course, this is not entirely feasible, and its advantage over wormholes is that it does not create paradoxes and does not destroy itself at the moment of feedback, but it is really very dangerous.

Fortunately, there is another way to travel through time, and it is our last and best hope of building a true time machine.

Time travel through the fourth dimension will never be a walk in the park, but in fact there is an amazing through path, you just need to move extremely fast extremely fast, even faster than to avoid being sucked into a supermassive black hole high speed. The mystery lies in another wonderful cosmic fact—there is a cosmic speed limit in the world—186,000 miles per second, which is known as the speed of light. This is the fastest speed in the world and one of the most authoritative scientific theorems.

Believe it or not, traveling at nearly the speed of light allows you to travel into the future.

Similar instruments have been manufactured today.

CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, is home to the world's largest particle accelerator. Deep underground, in a 16-mile-long circular pipeline, there is a particle beam composed of trillions of tiny particles. The moment the machine is started, they can accelerate from rest to 60,000 miles per hour and increase power, and these particles can continue to flow. Accelerate until the stream of particles can fly around the tube at 11,000 laps per second, which is very close to the speed of light, but never reaches the speed of light, only 99.99% of the speed of light. Once they reach this speed, they can also perform time travel.

Normally, these particles decay after 25 billionths of a second, but when accelerated to nearly the speed of light, lifespans become 30 times longer. These particles are living time travelers.

In fact, it is as simple as that. If we want to go to the future to perform, we just need to run fast, very fast. (Seeing this, I am embarrassed.)

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The above refers to [Discovery Channel] Understanding the Universe with Stephen Hawking: Time Travel, friends who are interested can check it out.

But friends who read sci-fi novels and sci-fi movies don’t need to take it too seriously, it’s boring if you are serious, and you read books for fun, so why bother with those academic issues.

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